Certificate Related Posts
keytool -importkeystore -srckeystore <my-certificate-name>.jks -destkeystore <my-certificate-name>.p12 -deststoretype PKCS12
openssl pkcs12 -in <my-certificate-name>.p12 -nokeys -out <my-certificate-name>.crt
openssl pkcs12 -in <my-certificate-name>.p12 -nocerts -nodes -out <my-certificate-name>.key
Create a Chain Certificate (Root, Intermediate & Normal Chain) – Step-by-step
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ROOT CERTIFICATE
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mkdir /root/ca
cd /root/ca
mkdir certs crl newcerts private
chmod 700 private
touch index.txt
echo 1000 > serial
vim openssl.cnf
[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir = /root/ca
certs = $dir/certs
crl_dir = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts
database = $dir/index.txt
serial = $dir/serial
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand# The root key and root certificate.
private_key = $dir/private/root_haritibco.key.pem
certificate = $dir/certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber
crl = $dir/crl/ca.crl.pem
crl_extensions = crl_ext
default_crl_days = 30# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256name_opt = ca_default
cert_opt = ca_default
default_days = 375
preserve = no
policy = policy_strict[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName = optional
organizationName = optional
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits = 2048
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
string_mask = utf8only# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions = v3_ca[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request>.
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name
localityName = Locality Name
0.organizationName = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name
commonName = Common Name
emailAddress = Email Address# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default = IN
stateOrProvinceName_default = Maharashtra
localityName_default = Mumbai
0.organizationName_default = Hari TIBCO Blog Ltd
organizationalUnitName_default = HLL
emailAddress_default = hsivabc@gmail.com[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning
(Create root key)
cd /root/ca
openssl genrsa -aes256 -out private/root_haritibco.key.pem 4096
****test12345***
chmod 400 private/root_haritibco.key.pem
(Create root certificate)
cd /root/ca
openssl req -config openssl.cnf \
-key private/root_haritibco.key.pem \
-new -x509 -days 7300 -sha256 -extensions v3_ca \
-out certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem
(Verify Root Certificate)
openssl x509 -noout -text -in certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem
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INTERMEDIATE CERTIFICATE
——————————————————————————————
mkdir /root/ca/intermediate
cd /root/ca/intermediate
mkdir certs crl csr newcerts private
chmod 700 private
touch index.txt
echo 1000 > serial
echo 1000 > /root/ca/intermediate/crlnumber
cd /root/ca
vim openssl.cnf
# OpenSSL intermediate CA configuration file.
# Copy to `/root/ca/intermediate/openssl.cnf`.[ ca ]
# `man ca`
default_ca = CA_default[ CA_default ]
# Directory and file locations.
dir = /root/ca/intermediate
certs = $dir/certs
crl_dir = $dir/crl
new_certs_dir = $dir/newcerts
database = $dir/index.txt
serial = $dir/serial
RANDFILE = $dir/private/.rand# The root key and root certificate.
private_key = $dir/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem
certificate = $dir/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem# For certificate revocation lists.
crlnumber = $dir/crlnumber
crl = $dir/crl/inter_haritibco.crl.pem
crl_extensions = crl_ext
default_crl_days = 30# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256name_opt = ca_default
cert_opt = ca_default
default_days = 375
preserve = no
policy = policy_loose[ policy_strict ]
# The root CA should only sign intermediate certificates that match.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of `man ca`.
countryName = match
stateOrProvinceName = match
organizationName = match
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional[ policy_loose ]
# Allow the intermediate CA to sign a more diverse range of certificates.
# See the POLICY FORMAT section of the `ca` man page.
countryName = optional
stateOrProvinceName = optional
localityName = optional
organizationName = optional
organizationalUnitName = optional
commonName = supplied
emailAddress = optional[ req ]
# Options for the `req` tool (`man req`).
default_bits = 2048
distinguished_name = req_distinguished_name
string_mask = utf8only# SHA-1 is deprecated, so use SHA-2 instead.
default_md = sha256# Extension to add when the -x509 option is used.
x509_extensions = v3_ca[ req_distinguished_name ]
# See <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Certificate_signing_request>.
countryName = Country Name (2 letter code)
stateOrProvinceName = State or Province Name
localityName = Locality Name
0.organizationName = Organization Name
organizationalUnitName = Organizational Unit Name
commonName = Common Name
emailAddress = Email Address# Optionally, specify some defaults.
countryName_default = IN
stateOrProvinceName_default = Maharashtra
localityName_default = Mumbai
0.organizationName_default = Hari TIBCO Blog Ltd
organizationalUnitName_default = HLL
emailAddress_default = hsivabc@gmail.com[ v3_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign[ v3_intermediate_ca ]
# Extensions for a typical intermediate CA (`man x509v3_config`).
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid:always,issuer
basicConstraints = critical, CA:true, pathlen:0
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, cRLSign, keyCertSign[ usr_cert ]
# Extensions for client certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = client, email
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Client Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, nonRepudiation, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = clientAuth, emailProtection[ server_cert ]
# Extensions for server certificates (`man x509v3_config`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
nsCertType = server
nsComment = “OpenSSL Generated Server Certificate”
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer:always
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature, keyEncipherment
extendedKeyUsage = serverAuth[ crl_ext ]
# Extension for CRLs (`man x509v3_config`).
authorityKeyIdentifier=keyid:always[ ocsp ]
# Extension for OCSP signing certificates (`man ocsp`).
basicConstraints = CA:FALSE
subjectKeyIdentifier = hash
authorityKeyIdentifier = keyid,issuer
keyUsage = critical, digitalSignature
extendedKeyUsage = critical, OCSPSigning
openssl genrsa -aes256 \
-out intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem 4096
*****test12345****
chmod 400 intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem
cd /root/ca
openssl req -config intermediate/openssl.cnf -new -sha256 \
-key intermediate/private/inter_haritibco.key.pem \
-out intermediate/csr/inter_haritibco.csr.pem
cd /root/ca
openssl ca -config openssl.cnf -extensions v3_intermediate_ca \
-days 3650 -notext -md sha256 \
-in intermediate/csr/inter_haritibco.csr.pem \
-out intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem
openssl x509 -noout -text \
-in intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem
openssl verify -CAfile certs/root_haritibco.cert.pem \
intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem
cat intermediate/certs/inter_haritibco.cert.pem \
certs/ca.cert.pem > intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem
—————————————————————————
CERTIFICATE
—————————————————————————
cd /root/ca
openssl genrsa -aes256 \
-out intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem 2048
chmod 400 intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem
cd /root/ca
openssl req -config intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-key intermediate/private/haritibcoblog.key.pem \
-new -sha256 -out intermediate/csr/haritibcoblog.csr.pem
cd /root/ca
openssl ca -config intermediate/openssl.cnf \
-extensions server_cert -days 375 -notext -md sha256 \
-in intermediate/csr/haritibcoblog.csr.pem \
-out intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem
chmod 444 intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem
openssl x509 -noout -text \
-in intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem
openssl verify -CAfile intermediate/certs/chain_haritibco.cert.pem \
intermediate/certs/haritibcoblog.cert.pem
TESTED AT RUNTIME.
pkcs12 – PKCS#12 file utility
openssl pkcs12 [-help] [-export] [-chain] [-inkey filename] [-certfile filename] [-name name] [-caname name] [-in filename] [-out filename] [-noout] [-nomacver] [-nocerts] [-clcerts] [-cacerts] [-nokeys] [-info] [-des | -des3 | -idea | -aes128 | -aes192 | -aes256 | -camellia128 | -camellia192 | -camellia256 | -nodes] [-noiter] [-maciter | -nomaciter | -nomac] [-twopass] [-descert] [-certpbe cipher] [-keypbe cipher] [-macalg digest] [-keyex] [-keysig] [-password arg] [-passin arg] [-passout arg] [-rand file(s)] [-CAfile file] [-CApath dir] [-no-CAfile] [-no-CApath] [-CSP name]
The pkcs12 command allows PKCS#12 files (sometimes referred to as PFX files) to be created and parsed. PKCS#12 files are used by several programs including Netscape, MSIE and MS Outlook.
There are a lot of options the meaning of some depends of whether a PKCS#12 file is being created or parsed. By default a PKCS#12 file is parsed. A PKCS#12 file can be created by using the-export option (see below).
To discourage attacks by using large dictionaries of common passwords the algorithm that derives keys from passwords can have an iteration count applied to it: this causes a certain part of the algorithm to be repeated and slows it down. The MAC is used to check the file integrity but since it will normally have the same password as the keys and certificates it could also be attacked. By default both MAC and encryption iteration counts are set to 2048, using these options the MAC and encryption iteration counts can be set to 1, since this reduces the file security you should not use these options unless you really have to. Most software supports both MAC and key iteration counts. MSIE 4.0 doesn’t support MAC iteration counts so it needs the -nomaciter option.
Although there are a large number of options most of them are very rarely used. For PKCS#12 file parsing only -in and -out need to be used for PKCS#12 file creation -export and -name are also used.
If none of the -clcerts, -cacerts or -nocerts options are present then all certificates will be output in the order they appear in the input PKCS#12 files. There is no guarantee that the first certificate present is the one corresponding to the private key. Certain software which requires a private key and certificate and assumes the first certificate in the file is the one corresponding to the private key: this may not always be the case. Using the -clcerts option will solve this problem by only outputting the certificate corresponding to the private key. If the CA certificates are required then they can be output to a separate file using the -nokeys -cacerts options to just output CA certificates.
The -keypbe and -certpbe algorithms allow the precise encryption algorithms for private keys and certificates to be specified. Normally the defaults are fine but occasionally software can’t handle triple DES encrypted private keys, then the option -keypbe PBE-SHA1-RC2-40 can be used to reduce the private key encryption to 40 bit RC2. A complete description of all algorithms is contained in the pkcs8 manual page.
Prior 1.1 release passwords containing non-ASCII characters were encoded in non-compliant manner, which limited interoperability, in first hand with Windows. But switching to standard-compliant password encoding poses problem accessing old data protected with broken encoding. For this reason even legacy encodings is attempted when reading the data. If you use PKCS#12 files in production application you are advised to convert the data, because implemented heuristic approach is not MT-safe, its sole goal is to facilitate the data upgrade with this utility.
Parse a PKCS#12 file and output it to a file:
openssl pkcs12 -in file.p12 -out file.pem
Output only client certificates to a file:
openssl pkcs12 -in file.p12 -clcerts -out file.pem
Don’t encrypt the private key:
openssl pkcs12 -in file.p12 -out file.pem -nodes
Print some info about a PKCS#12 file:
openssl pkcs12 -in file.p12 -info -noout
Create a PKCS#12 file:
openssl pkcs12 -export -in file.pem -out file.p12 -name "My Certificate"
Include some extra certificates:
openssl pkcs12 -export -in file.pem -out file.p12 -name "My Certificate" \ -certfile othercerts.pem
Hari's Technical Space 
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